bitchiness
用法要点
句型搭配
通常用作不可数名词，描述一种持续的性格特征或行为模式，而非具体事件。
介词用法
常与介词“about”连用，表示抱怨或批评的对象；也可用“of”表示来源或特征。
语域说明
该词较口语化，多用于非正式场合，可能带有冒犯性，需谨慎使用，避免在正式或礼貌语境中出现。
基础例句
Her bitchiness really came out when she started complaining about everyone's work.
当她开始抱怨每个人的工作时，她的尖酸刻薄就显露出来了。
I try to avoid her because of her constant bitchiness about small things.
我尽量避开她，因为她总是为小事抱怨个不停。
His passive-aggressive bitchiness makes the office environment tense.
他那种被动攻击性的刻薄态度让办公室氛围变得紧张。
高级例句
In the study, participants rated female leaders higher on bitchiness when they displayed assertive behavior.
在这项研究中，当女性领导者表现出果断行为时，参与者给她们的刻薄评分更高。
The manager's subtle bitchiness in emails created a culture of mistrust among team members.
经理在邮件中微妙的刻薄言辞在团队成员间制造了一种不信任的文化。
Workplace bitchiness can lead to decreased productivity and increased employee turnover.
职场中的刻薄行为可能导致生产力下降和员工流失率增加。
高频搭配
verb
adjective
noun
adverb
preposition
phrase
常见错误
bitchiness 是不可数名词，表示抽象概念，前面不应加不定冠词“a”。
在正式表达中，应使用“due to”或“caused by”来连接原因，避免口语化的“because”直接接名词。
近义词辨析
spitefulness
spitefulness 更强调恶意或报复意图，而 bitchiness 侧重于尖酸、抱怨的态度，可能不带强烈恶意。
Her bitchiness was just complaining, but his spitefulness led to actual harm.
cattiness
cattiness 常指女性间 gossipy 或 sly 的刻薄，更口语化且轻蔑；bitchiness 范围更广，可形容任何性别的抱怨行为。
The cattiness in their group chat was obvious, but his bitchiness affected the whole team.