diffract

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英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
diffract 指光线、声波等通过狭缝或障碍物时发生弯曲或分散的现象,常用于物理学中描述衍射。

用法要点

句型搭配

diffract 通常用作及物动词,后接名词作宾语,描述波(如光、声)的衍射行为。常见于被动语态或与介词 through、around 连用。

• diffract light
• be diffracted by a grating
• diffract through a slit

介词用法

diffract 常与介词 through(表示通过某物衍射)、around(表示绕过障碍物衍射)或 by(表示被某物衍射)搭配,用于具体说明衍射的路径或原因。

• diffract through a prism
• diffract around an edge
• diffracted by a crystal

语域说明

diffract 是专业术语,主要用于科学、工程和学术语境,如物理学、光学和声学领域。在日常对话中较少使用,但在科普或技术讨论中可能出现。

• used in physics labs
• technical reports on waves
• academic papers on optics

基础例句

When light passes through a narrow slit, it can diffract and create a pattern on the screen.

当光线通过狭缝时,会发生衍射并在屏幕上形成图案。

Sound waves diffract around corners, which is why you can hear someone even if they're not in direct sight.

声波会绕过角落衍射,这就是为什么即使看不到人也能听到声音的原因。

In our science class, we used a laser to show how light diffracts through a grating.

在科学课上,我们用激光演示了光如何通过光栅发生衍射。

高级例句

The researchers analyzed how X-rays diffract through crystalline structures to determine atomic arrangements.

研究人员分析了X射线如何通过晶体结构衍射,以确定原子排列。

In optical engineering, minimizing diffraction is crucial for improving the resolution of imaging systems.

在光学工程中,减少衍射对于提高成像系统的分辨率至关重要。

The conference paper discussed how electron beams diffract in transmission electron microscopy for material analysis.

会议论文讨论了在透射电子显微镜中,电子束如何衍射以进行材料分析。

高频搭配

verb

diffract lightdiffract sound wavesdiffract X-raysdiffract electrons

adjective

diffracted beamdiffracted patterndiffracted wavediffracted image

noun

light diffractionsound diffractiondiffraction gratingdiffraction limit

adverb

strongly diffractweakly diffracteasily diffracted

preposition

diffract throughdiffract arounddiffract by

phrase

cause to diffractobserve diffractionstudy diffraction effects

常见错误

❌ 错误:The light diffracts the wall.
✓ 正确:The light diffracts around the wall.

错误:diffract 作为及物动词时,宾语应是发生衍射的波(如光),而不是障碍物。正确用法需添加介词(如 around)来说明衍射路径。

❌ 错误:Sound can diffract easy.
✓ 正确:Sound can diffract easily.

错误:easy 是形容词,不能修饰动词 diffract。正确用法应使用副词 easily 来描述衍射的难易程度。

近义词辨析

scatter

scatter 泛指使事物分散或扩散,可用于光、粒子或人群等,强调随机分布;而 diffract 特指波(如光、声)通过障碍物时的规律性弯曲,是更专业的物理术语。

Light scatters in all directions from a rough surface, but it diffracts in specific patterns through a slit.

bend

bend 是通用词,描述物体或路径的弯曲,可用于光、声音或固体;diffract 则专指波的衍射现象,涉及波动特性,通常与干涉和图案形成相关。

Water waves bend around rocks due to refraction, but they diffract when passing through a narrow opening.