neurasthenic
用法要点
词性转换
作为形容词时,描述人或状态具有神经衰弱特征;作为名词时,指患有神经衰弱的人。
介词搭配
常与介词'with'连用,表示伴随症状或原因;在医学语境中,可能使用'due to'或'caused by'。
语域说明
主要用于医学、心理学正式语境,日常口语中较少使用,更常见替代词如'burned out'或'overwhelmed'。
句型结构
作定语修饰名词,或作表语描述状态;名词用法时,可作主语或宾语。
基础例句
After working 80-hour weeks for months, he became quite neurasthenic and needed a long break.
连续几个月每周工作80小时后,他变得相当神经衰弱,需要长时间休息。
My doctor said my constant headaches might be a neurasthenic symptom from stress.
医生说我持续头痛可能是压力导致的神经衰弱症状。
She looks neurasthenic lately—pale and tired all the time.
她最近看起来神经衰弱——总是脸色苍白、疲惫不堪。
The neurasthenic in our support group finds meditation helpful for relaxation.
我们支持小组里的那位神经衰弱者发现冥想有助于放松。
高级例句
The study examined neurasthenic responses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, finding significant overlap in symptomatology.
该研究检查了慢性疲劳综合征患者的神经衰弱反应,发现症状学上有显著重叠。
In Victorian literature, neurasthenic characters often symbolized societal pressures and psychological distress.
在维多利亚文学中,神经衰弱角色常象征社会压力和心理困扰。
The corporate wellness program addresses neurasthenic tendencies among executives through stress management workshops.
企业健康计划通过压力管理研讨会解决高管的神经衰弱倾向。
Historical medical texts describe neurasthenic disorders as resulting from 'nervous exhaustion' in rapidly industrializing societies.
历史医学文献将神经衰弱障碍描述为快速工业化社会中“神经衰竭”的结果。
高频搭配
adjective
noun
verb
adverb
preposition
phrase
常见错误
神经衰弱(neurasthenic)描述长期、慢性的神经系统疲劳状态,不是短暂疲劳。单晚睡眠不足应用更普通词汇如'exhausted'或'tired'。
神经衰弱是专业术语,日常对话中不常用。中文学习者可能过度使用,应了解其正式语域,改用'stressed'或'overwhelmed'等词。
近义词辨析
neurotic
神经质(neurotic)强调焦虑、强迫等情绪障碍,范围更广;神经衰弱(neurasthenic)特指由疲劳引起的神经性虚弱,更具体。
Neurotic behavior might include obsessive habits, whereas neurasthenic conditions often involve physical exhaustion.
debilitated
虚弱(debilitated)泛指身体或精神衰弱,原因多样;神经衰弱(neurasthenic)明确指神经系统过度疲劳导致的衰弱,更具医学特异性。
A debilitated patient could have various illnesses, but a neurasthenic one specifically suffers from nervous exhaustion.