orneriness
用法要点
句型搭配
通常用作不可数名词，描述人的行为或性格特征，常与表示原因或对象的介词短语连用。
介词用法
常与介词“in”、“with”、“toward”等搭配，表示在某种情况下的行为或对他人的态度。
语域说明
多用于非正式或口语语境，描述日常生活中的不合作行为；在正式写作中较少见，可能用更中性的词替代。
基础例句
His orneriness often leads to arguments with his friends.
他的不合作态度经常导致他和朋友争吵。
She showed pure orneriness by refusing to share her toys.
她拒绝分享玩具，纯粹是故意刁难。
The dog's orneriness made it hard to train.
这只狗的固执不合作让它很难训练。
I can't stand his constant orneriness in group projects.
我受不了他在小组项目中总是故意不合作。
高级例句
The manager's orneriness during negotiations delayed the contract signing.
经理在谈判中的不合作态度延误了合同签署。
In academic settings, persistent orneriness can hinder collaborative research efforts.
在学术环境中，持续的不合作态度可能阻碍协作研究。
The employee's orneriness toward new policies was noted in the performance review.
员工对新政策的刁难态度在绩效评估中被记录。
Orneriness in team dynamics often requires mediation to resolve conflicts.
团队动态中的不合作行为通常需要调解来解决冲突。
高频搭配
verb
adjective
noun
adverb
preposition
phrase
常见错误
错误：误用“to argue”作为不定式修饰名词，不符合英语习惯。正确：使用“by arguing”表示通过争论展现不合作态度，更自然。
错误：用“big”形容抽象名词“orneriness”不地道。正确：使用“pronounced”或“obvious”等词更准确，表示明显或显著。
近义词辨析
stubbornness
“stubbornness”强调固执己见、不愿改变，可能中性或略带贬义；而“orneriness”更侧重故意刁难、不合作，带有更强的负面和令人不快的意味。
His stubbornness made him stick to his plan (中性固执), but his orneriness made him refuse to help out of spite (负面刁难).
contrariness
“contrariness”指习惯性反对或唱反调，可能出于本性；而“orneriness”更强调故意制造麻烦或难以相处的行为，常带有恶意或任性成分。
Her contrariness led her to disagree on principle (习惯性反对), whereas his orneriness caused him to sabotage the project deliberately (故意刁难).