ranula

美 'rænjulә
英 'rænjulә
数据源: static_word_details
[医] 舌下囊肿,一种发生于舌下腺导管阻塞或破裂引起的唾液潴留性囊肿。
名词

用法要点

解剖位置与成因

该词专指位于口腔底部的舌下区域,通常由舌下腺导管堵塞、外伤或炎症导致唾液无法排出而形成。

• The ranula is typically found in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue.
• Trauma to the sublingual gland can lead to the formation of a ranula.

临床分类

根据囊肿是否突破舌下黏膜进入口底或颈部,可分为单纯性(intraoral)和异位性(extraoral)ranula。

• An intraoral ranula remains confined within the floor of the mouth.
• If the cyst ruptures and extends into the neck, it is classified as an extraoral ranula.

诊断与治疗

医生通常通过触诊发现柔软、无痛的肿块,确诊后多采用手术切除或造袋术(marsupialization)治疗。

• The diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of a fluctuant, painless mass.
• Surgical excision or marsupialization is often required to treat persistent cases.

基础例句

The doctor diagnosed a ranula after examining the swelling under his tongue.

医生检查了他舌头下的肿胀后,诊断出是舌下囊肿。

A ranula often appears as a soft, bluish lump in the floor of the mouth.

舌下囊肿通常表现为口腔底部一个柔软、呈蓝色的肿块。

The patient was treated for a recurrent ranula that had returned after surgery.

患者接受了治疗,因为其复发的舌下囊肿在手术后再次出现。

高级例句

Differentiating between a simple ranula and a plunging ranula is crucial for determining the extent of surgical intervention.

区分单纯性舌下囊肿和异位性(深部)舌下囊肿对于确定手术干预范围至关重要。

Marsupialization of the cystic cavity has shown higher recurrence rates compared to complete excision in cases of ranula.

与完整切除术相比,对舌下囊肿囊腔进行造袋术在复发率上表现更高。

The clinical presentation of a ranula can mimic other pathologies, such as a lymphatic malformation or mucocele.

舌下囊肿的临床症状可能与其他病理情况(如淋巴管畸形或黏液囊肿)相似。

高频搭配

noun

sublingual ranulaextraoral ranulaintraoral ranulaplunging ranulachronic ranula

verb

diagnose a ranulatreat a ranulaexcise a ranularupture into a ranula

adjective

benign ranulalarge ranularecurrent ranulaunilateral ranula

phrase

floor of the mouthsublingual glandsalivary retention cystoral pathology

常见错误

❌ 错误:The doctor found a cyst in the throat called a ranula.
✓ 正确:The doctor found a cyst in the floor of the mouth called a ranula.

ranula 特指舌下区域(floor of the mouth),而非喉咙(throat)其他部位。

❌ 错误:He had a ranula on his cheek.
✓ 正确:He had a mucocele on his lip or a different type of cyst.

ranula 专指舌下腺来源的囊肿,脸颊上的类似囊肿通常称为 mucocele(黏液囊肿),不能混用。

近义词辨析

mucocele

Mucocele 是更广泛的术语,指任何由唾液腺导管阻塞引起的黏液囊肿;而 ranula 特指发生在舌下腺的 mucocele。所有 ranulas 都是 mucoceles,但并非所有 mucoceles 都是 ranulas。

While both are mucus-filled cysts, a ranula is specifically located under the tongue, whereas a mucocele can occur on the lips or cheeks.

cyst

Cyst 是通用医学术语,指任何充满液体的囊状结构;ranula 是 cyst 的一种特定类型,具有明确的解剖位置和成因。

The mass was identified as a benign cyst, specifically a ranula arising from the sublingual gland.