词汇对比与辨析

核心差别

contagion 强调contagion指通过接触传播的疾病或不良影响,infection 则侧重感染是指病原体侵入生物体并引起疾病的过程

使用场景对比

对比方面contagioninfection
核心含义contagion指通过接触传播的疾病或不良影响,也比喻思想、情绪等的迅速蔓延。感染是指病原体侵入生物体并引起疾病的过程,也泛指不良影响或传染现象。
词性名词名词
使用语域contagion常与介词of连用,表示传染源或蔓延的内容;也可与through搭配,强调传播途径。常用作可数名词,表示具体的感染事件或疾病,如 'an infection' 或 'infections';也可用作不可数名词,泛指感染状态。

对比例句

contagion

The flu contagion spread quickly through the school, so many students stayed home.

流感在学校里迅速蔓延,因此很多学生都待在家里。

contagion

We need to wash hands often to prevent the contagion of germs.

我们需要经常洗手,以防止细菌的传染。

infection

I think I have an infection because my throat hurts and I have a fever.

我觉得我感染了,因为喉咙痛还发烧。

infection

Wash your hands often to avoid getting an infection.

经常洗手以避免感染。

常见误用提醒

使用 contagion:The contagion is very dangerous, we should avoid it. → The contagion is very dangerous; we should avoid exposure to it. (错误在于将contagion直接作为可避免的物体。正确用法应说明避免的是接触或暴露于传染源,因为contagion通常指抽象传播过程或影响。)

使用 contagion:He got a contagion from his friend. → He contracted an infection from his friend. (错误在于将contagion用作可数名词指具体疾病。在医学语境中,更常用infection或disease表示具体病症,contagion多强调传播机制或抽象概念。)

使用 infection:I have an infection on my leg. → I have an infection in my leg. (错误在于介词使用不当。'infection' 通常与 'in' 连用表示感染部位在体内或某处内部,而不是 'on' 表示表面。)