词汇对比与辨析
核心差别
disciplining 强调disciplining 是 discipline 的现在分词,disciplinary 则侧重disciplinary 是一个形容词
使用场景对比
| 对比方面 | disciplining | disciplinary |
|---|---|---|
| 核心含义 | disciplining 是 discipline 的现在分词,指通过训练、监督或处罚来培养纪律、秩序或条理的行为过程。 | disciplinary 是一个形容词,指与训练、纪律或惩戒相关的,常用于描述组织、措施或行为。 |
| 词性 | 形容词、名词 | 形容词 |
| 使用语域 | 常用于及物动词结构,后接宾语(人或事物),表示对某人或某物进行纪律训练或处罚。也可用于被动语态或现在分词作定语。 | 常用于修饰名词,如 disciplinary action(纪律处分)、disciplinary measures(惩戒措施),或与介词搭配如 disciplinary in nature(具有纪律性质)。 |
对比例句
She is disciplining her dog to stop barking at night.
她正在训练她的狗,让它晚上不要吠叫。
Parents often struggle with disciplining their teenagers effectively.
父母常常难以有效地管教他们的青少年子女。
The school has strict disciplinary rules to ensure students behave well.
学校有严格的纪律规定,以确保学生行为良好。
If you break the rules, you might face disciplinary action from the manager.
如果你违反规定,可能会面临经理的纪律处分。
常见误用提醒
使用 disciplining:He is disciplining to his son. → He is disciplining his son. (错误在于添加了不必要的介词 'to'。disciplining 是及物动词,直接接宾语,不需要介词。应直接说 disciplining someone。)
使用 disciplining:She needs disciplining for improve her grades. → She needs disciplining to improve her grades. (错误在于使用了 'for' 后接动词原形。在表示目的时,应用 'to' 加动词不定式,而不是 'for'。正确表达是 disciplining to do something。)
使用 disciplinary:He received a disciplinary for being late. → He received disciplinary action for being late. (错误:disciplinary 是形容词,不能直接用作名词表示“处分”。正确:应使用名词短语如 disciplinary action 或 disciplinary measures。)