词汇对比与辨析

核心差别

enfeeble 强调使衰弱,debilitate 则侧重debilitate 指使身体、精神或组织变得虚弱无力

使用场景对比

对比方面enfeebledebilitate
核心含义使衰弱,指通过削弱力量、活力或效力来导致某人或某物变得虚弱无力。debilitate 指使身体、精神或组织变得虚弱无力,通常因疾病、压力或长期消耗导致。
词性动词动词
使用语域通常用作及物动词,后接宾语,表示使某人或某物衰弱。常见于被动语态,强调被削弱的状态。debilitate 常用作及物动词,后接直接宾语,表示使某人或某物衰弱。句型为 "debilitate + 宾语",强调动作的直接影响。

对比例句

enfeeble

The long illness enfeebled him, making it hard to walk.

长期的疾病使他衰弱,走路都变得困难。

enfeeble

Poor nutrition can enfeeble children, affecting their growth.

营养不良会削弱孩子的体质,影响他们的发育。

debilitate

The flu really debilitated him, and he had to stay in bed for a week.

流感让他虚弱不堪,他不得不在床上躺了一周。

debilitate

Lack of sleep can debilitate your ability to focus during the day.

睡眠不足会削弱你白天的专注力。

常见误用提醒

使用 enfeeble:The cold weather enfeebles me to go outside. → The cold weather enfeebles me, making it hard to go outside. (错误:误用“enfeeble”后接不定式“to go”,它不直接接不定式表示目的。正确:应使用分词结构或从句来描述结果,如“making it hard”。)

使用 enfeeble:He is enfeebling because he didn't sleep well. → He feels enfeebled because he didn't sleep well. (错误:误用“enfeebling”作为形容词描述状态,它主要用作动词或过去分词。正确:应使用“enfeebled”作为形容词,表示被削弱的状态。)

使用 debilitate:The cold weather debilitates to me. → The cold weather debilitates me. (debilitate 是及物动词,直接接宾语,不需要加介词 to。正确用法是 "debilitate + 宾语",表示使某人衰弱。)