crater
用法要点
介词搭配
crater常与介词in、on、of等搭配,表示位置或所属关系。例如,描述火山口内部用in the crater,月球表面环形山用craters on the Moon。
句型结构
crater作为名词,常用于主语或宾语位置,如The crater is deep或They explored the crater。也可用于被动语态,如The area was cratered by bombs。
语域说明
crater在学术、地质和军事语境中常见,日常对话中较少使用,除非讨论特定话题如旅游或新闻事件。
基础例句
We hiked to the edge of the volcanic crater and looked down into it.
我们徒步走到火山口边缘,向下望去。
The meteorite left a big crater in the field after it hit the ground.
陨石撞击地面后,在田野里留下了一个大坑。
During the war, bombs created many craters in the city streets.
战争期间,炸弹在城市街道上炸出了许多弹坑。
高级例句
Geologists study lunar craters to understand the history of impacts on the Moon's surface.
地质学家研究月球环形山,以了解月球表面撞击历史。
The financial crisis cratered the company's stock price, leading to significant losses.
金融危机使公司股价暴跌,导致重大亏损。
In the excavation report, archaeologists noted a crater-like depression indicating ancient activity.
在挖掘报告中,考古学家指出一个类似坑洼的凹陷,表明古代活动痕迹。
高频搭配
verb
adjective
noun
preposition
phrase
常见错误
错误:crater本身已表示“火山口”,无需额外加hole,避免冗余。正确:直接使用crater即可。
错误:crater通常指自然或爆炸形成的大坑,如火山口或弹坑;道路上的小坑常用pothole。正确:根据语境使用pothole更准确。
近义词辨析
hole
hole泛指任何开口或凹陷,范围更广,如地面小洞或物体上的孔;crater特指由火山、撞击或爆炸形成的大型碗状凹陷,更具地质或军事色彩。
There's a hole in my sock. (日常小洞) vs. The asteroid impact created a massive crater. (大型撞击坑)
depression
depression指一般性的凹陷或低洼地,可能由多种原因形成,如地质沉降;crater强调碗状形态和特定成因(如火山或爆炸),常更陡峭和规则。
The land has a slight depression where water collects. (轻微洼地) vs. The volcanic crater is deep and circular. (火山口)