etch

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
etch 指用化学或物理方法在硬质表面(如金属、玻璃)上刻出图案或文字,也比喻深刻印象或记忆的形成。

用法要点

句型搭配

etch 常用作及物动词,后接直接宾语表示被蚀刻的对象,也可与介词 into/on 连用表示蚀刻的位置。在比喻用法中,常与 memory/mind 等词搭配。

• etch a design on glass
• etch the memory into my mind
• etch a pattern into metal

介词用法

etch into 强调蚀刻过程深入材料内部,形成永久痕迹;etch on 侧重在表面进行蚀刻;etch with 表示使用特定工具或化学物质进行蚀刻。

• etch into the surface
• etch on a copper plate
• etch with acid

语域说明

etch 在技术、艺术领域为常用术语,指具体的蚀刻工艺;在文学、日常用语中多用于比喻,描述深刻印象或记忆的形成,属于正式用语。

• etch a circuit board
• etch a lasting impression
• etch in one's consciousness

基础例句

The artist etched a beautiful landscape onto the glass vase.

艺术家在玻璃花瓶上蚀刻了一幅美丽的风景画。

That moment is forever etched in my memory.

那个时刻永远铭刻在我的记忆中。

He learned how to etch his name on metal plates.

他学会了如何在金属板上蚀刻自己的名字。

The old photograph shows faces etched with time and hardship.

这张老照片上的面容被时间和艰辛刻下了深深的痕迹。

高级例句

The semiconductor manufacturer uses plasma to etch microscopic circuits onto silicon wafers.

半导体制造商使用等离子体在硅晶片上蚀刻微电路。

In the etching process, acid is applied to selectively remove material and create the desired pattern.

在蚀刻过程中,通过施加酸来选择性地去除材料,形成所需的图案。

The contract terms were etched in stone, leaving no room for negotiation.

合同条款已板上钉钉,没有任何协商的余地。

Geological features etched by glacial activity provide valuable clues about past climate conditions.

冰川活动蚀刻出的地质特征为了解过去的气候条件提供了宝贵线索。

高频搭配

verb

deeply etchcarefully etchpermanently etchchemically etchmanually etch

adjective

etched glassetched metaletched patternetched memoryetched design

noun

acid etchlaser etchetch processetch depthetch time

adverb

deeply etchedfinely etchedclearly etchedpermanently etched

preposition

etch intoetch onetch withetch by

phrase

etch a designetch in memoryetch on surfaceetch with acidetch through metal

常见错误

❌ 错误:I will etch a picture in the paper.
✓ 正确:I will etch a design on the metal plate.

etch 通常用于在硬质材料(如金属、玻璃)上刻划,而不是在纸张等柔软材料上。正确用法应指定合适的硬质表面。

❌ 错误:The words are etching on my mind.
✓ 正确:The words are etched in my memory.

在比喻记忆深刻时,通常用被动语态 etched,表示状态,而不是进行时 etching。且常用搭配是 etched in memory/mind,而不是 on。

近义词辨析

engrave

engrave 通常指用工具在表面雕刻出凹痕,强调物理雕刻过程;etch 则更多指用化学方法腐蚀表面形成图案,在比喻用法中两者可互换,但 etch 更强调深刻、永久性。

He engraved his initials on the tree. (物理雕刻) / The memory is etched in my mind. (比喻深刻印象)

carve

carve 指用刀等工具在木头、石头等材料上雕刻出立体形状,强调去除材料形成三维作品;etch 侧重于在平面表面通过腐蚀形成二维图案或文字。

She carved a statue from marble. (立体雕刻) / They etched a circuit pattern on the board. (平面蚀刻)