infinitive

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
不定式是英语中动词的一种基本形式,通常由 'to' 加动词原形构成,用于表达目的、意图或作为名词、形容词、副词使用。

用法要点

句型搭配

不定式常用于 'want to do'、'need to do'、'decide to do' 等句型中,表示意愿或计划。

• I want to learn English.
• She decided to go home.
• They need to finish the work.

介词用法

不定式常与 'to' 连用,但在某些动词后如 'let'、'make'、'help' 等,不定式不带 'to'。

• Let me help you.
• He made me laugh.
• She helped clean the room.

语域说明

不定式在正式和非正式语域中都广泛使用,但在口语中有时省略 'to',如 'gotta' 代替 'have got to'。

• I gotta go now.
• You need to hurry up.
• We have to be there by 8.

作为名词使用

不定式可以作为句子的主语、宾语或表语,功能类似名词。

• To err is human.
• I like to read books.
• Her goal is to succeed.

基础例句

I want to buy a new car next year.

我想明年买一辆新车。

She needs to finish her homework before dinner.

她需要在晚饭前完成作业。

They decided to go on a trip to the beach.

他们决定去海滩旅行。

It's important to drink enough water every day.

每天喝足够的水很重要。

高级例句

The company plans to expand its operations into the Asian market next quarter.

公司计划下个季度将业务扩展到亚洲市场。

In academic writing, it is essential to use infinitives correctly to convey precise meanings.

在学术写作中,正确使用不定式对于传达精确含义至关重要。

The research aims to investigate the effects of climate change on biodiversity.

这项研究旨在调查气候变化对生物多样性的影响。

To achieve sustainable development, governments need to implement effective environmental policies.

为了实现可持续发展,政府需要实施有效的环境政策。

高频搭配

verb

want toneed todecide toplan totry tohope toexpect toagree to

adjective

easy tohard toimportant tonecessary topossible toready towilling to

noun

ability toopportunity tochance todesire tointention topermission to

adverb

too...toenough toso...as toin order toso as to

preposition

to goto doto beto haveto seeto maketo taketo give

phrase

be about tobe going tohave toought toused tobe supposed tobe likely to

常见错误

❌ 错误:I want learning English.
✓ 正确:I want to learn English.

错误:在 'want' 后误用了动名词 'learning'。正确:'want' 后应接不定式 'to learn',表示想要做某事。

❌ 错误:He made me to clean the room.
✓ 正确:He made me clean the room.

错误:在 'make' 后加了 'to'。正确:'make' 作为使役动词时,后接不带 'to' 的不定式,即 'clean'。

❌ 错误:It is easy for doing this task.
✓ 正确:It is easy to do this task.

错误:误用了 'for doing' 结构。正确:在 'easy' 等形容词后,通常用不定式 'to do' 来表达动作。

近义词辨析

gerund

动名词是动词的 -ing 形式,作为名词使用,强调动作本身或状态;而不定式通常由 'to' 加动词原形构成,更强调目的、意图或未来动作。

I enjoy swimming. (动名词,强调游泳这个活动) vs. I want to swim. (不定式,强调想要去游泳的意图)

bare infinitive

不带 'to' 的不定式,在使役动词如 'let'、'make' 或感官动词后使用;而标准不定式带 'to',用于大多数其他情况。

She let me go. (不带 'to' 的不定式) vs. She asked me to go. (带 'to' 的不定式)