perihelion

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数据源: ai_enrichment
perihelion 指行星、彗星等天体在绕太阳公转轨道上距离太阳最近的点,也引申为事物发展的顶点或最高点。

用法要点

介词搭配

perihelion 常与介词 at 或 in 搭配,表示在近日点的时间或位置。at perihelion 强调具体时刻,in perihelion 更侧重状态或阶段。

• at perihelion
• in perihelion
• reach perihelion

句型结构

常用于描述天体运动的科学语境,句型多为“主语 + 动词 + perihelion”,动词如 reach、pass、approach 等,表示到达或经过近日点。

• Earth reaches perihelion
• The comet passes perihelion
• approach perihelion

语域说明

perihelion 是专业天文学术语,正式且学术性强,日常对话中较少使用,多用于科普、教育或研究场景。引申义“顶点”在比喻性语境中可能出现。

• scientific reports
• academic papers
• educational contexts

基础例句

Earth reaches its perihelion in early January each year.

地球每年一月初到达近日点。

The comet will be closest to the sun at perihelion next month.

这颗彗星下个月在近日点时将最接近太阳。

In science class, we learned about perihelion and aphelion.

在科学课上,我们学习了近日点和远日点。

高级例句

The spacecraft's trajectory was adjusted to maximize solar power collection at perihelion.

航天器的轨道经过调整,以在近日点时最大化太阳能收集。

Astronomers calculated the exact perihelion distance of the new exoplanet using advanced models.

天文学家利用先进模型计算了这颗新系外行星的精确近日点距离。

During perihelion, solar radiation intensity increases, affecting satellite communication systems.

在近日点期间,太阳辐射强度增加,影响卫星通信系统。

高频搭配

verb

reachpassapproachenterleavecalculate

adjective

closestnearestsolarorbitalannualexact

noun

Earthcometplanetorbitdistancepoint

adverb

closelypreciselyannuallyscientifically

preposition

atinneartowardfrom

phrase

at perihelionin perihelionperihelion passageperihelion distanceperihelion point

常见错误

❌ 错误:The perihelion is the farthest point from the sun.
✓ 正确:The perihelion is the closest point to the sun.

错误混淆了 perihelion(近日点)和 aphelion(远日点)。perihelion 指轨道上离太阳最近的点,不是最远点。

❌ 错误:We are at the perihelion of our project success.
✓ 正确:We are at the peak of our project success.

perihelion 作为“顶点”的引申义在英语中不常见,属于过度直译。日常表达应使用 peak、climax 或 zenith 等词。

近义词辨析

aphelion

aphelion 指天体轨道上距离太阳最远的点,与 perihelion(最近点)相反,两者常成对出现于天文学中。

Earth's perihelion occurs in January, while its aphelion is in July.

zenith

zenith 泛指最高点或顶峰,可用于抽象或具体事物,如事业、太阳位置等;perihelion 特指天体轨道近日点,更专业具体。

The sun reaches its zenith at noon, but Earth's perihelion is a yearly orbital event.