stub

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
stub 作为名词指短小的残余部分,如烟蒂、树桩或票据存根;作为动词表示用力踩灭或连根拔除。

用法要点

名词用法

stub 作名词时,常指某物被移除或使用后剩下的短小部分,如烟蒂、树桩或票据存根。在正式和非正式语境中都常见。

• cigarette stub
• tree stub
• ticket stub

动词用法

stub 作动词时,通常表示用脚或物体用力接触某物以使其停止或移除,如踩灭香烟或踢到硬物。常用于日常口语。

• stub out a cigarette
• stub one's toe

介词搭配

stub 常与介词 out 连用表示踩灭或熄灭,与 against 连用表示碰撞到某物。这些搭配在动词用法中高频出现。

• stub out the fire
• stub against the wall

基础例句

He threw the cigarette stub into the ashtray after smoking.

他抽完烟后把烟蒂扔进了烟灰缸。

I accidentally stubbed my toe on the table leg and it hurt a lot.

我不小心踢到了桌腿,脚趾很疼。

Keep the ticket stub as proof of purchase for the concert.

保留票根作为音乐会的购买凭证。

She stubbed out the campfire carefully before leaving.

她离开前小心地踩灭了营火。

高级例句

In forestry management, tree stubs are often left to decompose naturally to enrich the soil.

在林业管理中,树桩常被留下自然分解以肥沃土壤。

The financial audit requires all check stubs to be retained for at least seven years.

财务审计要求所有支票存根至少保留七年。

Researchers analyzed cigarette stubs from public areas to study smoking habits and littering patterns.

研究人员分析了公共场所的烟蒂,以研究吸烟习惯和乱扔垃圾的模式。

The software development team created a stub function to test the interface before full implementation.

软件开发团队创建了一个存根函数,以便在完全实现前测试接口。

高频搭配

verb

stub outstub againststub one's toestub a cigarette

adjective

cigarette stubtree stubticket stubshort stubremaining stub

noun

stub of a pencilstub of a candlecheck stubreceipt stubpay stub

preposition

stub out ofstub on the groundstub in the ashtray

phrase

stub it outleft as a stubstub endstub nail

常见错误

❌ 错误:He stub the cigarette on the floor.
✓ 正确:He stubbed out the cigarette on the floor.

错误在于缺少介词 out。stub 作动词表示踩灭时,通常与 out 搭配,形成短语动词 stub out,表示完全熄灭的动作。

❌ 错误:The stub of tree is still in the garden.
✓ 正确:The tree stub is still in the garden.

错误在于错误使用了 of 结构。在英语中,表示某物的残余部分时,常用名词作定语直接修饰 stub,如 tree stub,而不是 of 结构,后者不够自然或可能引起歧义。

近义词辨析

butt

butt 特指香烟或雪茄的烟蒂,而 stub 含义更广,可指烟蒂、树桩、票据存根等多种短小残余物。butt 更口语化。

He dropped the cigarette butt on the ground. (强调烟蒂) / He saved the ticket stub as a souvenir. (指票根,不用 butt)

stump

stump 通常指树木被砍伐后留下的较大部分,可能仍可见于地面,而 stub 可指更小或更不显眼的残余,如铅笔头或票据存根。stump 在尺寸上往往更大。

The old tree stump was used as a seat. (指较大的树桩) / She wrote with a pencil stub. (指很短的铅笔头,不用 stump)