weaken

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
weaken 指使某物或某人变得不那么强大、有效或坚固,常用于描述力量、结构、决心或影响的减弱。

用法要点

句型搭配

weaken 可作为及物动词(后接宾语)或不及物动词(不接宾语)。及物时表示“削弱某物”,不及物时表示“自身变弱”。

• The storm weakened the bridge.
• His resolve weakened over time.

介词用法

常用介词包括 by(表示原因或方式)、from(表示来源或原因)、in(表示在某个方面变弱)。

• weakened by illness
• weaken from lack of sleep
• weaken in strength

语域说明

weaken 是中性词,适用于日常、学术和商务语境,不带有强烈情感色彩,可描述物理、抽象或比喻性的减弱。

• The economy weakened.
• The argument was weakened by new evidence.

基础例句

The heavy rain weakened the old roof, causing it to leak.

大雨削弱了旧屋顶,导致它开始漏水。

If you skip meals, your body will weaken over time.

如果你不吃饭,你的身体会逐渐变弱。

Her confidence weakened after she failed the test.

考试失败后,她的信心减弱了。

高级例句

The new policy may weaken investor confidence in the market.

新政策可能会削弱投资者对市场的信心。

In the study, the drug was shown to weaken the virus's ability to replicate.

研究中显示,这种药物削弱了病毒的复制能力。

Economic sanctions can weaken a country's financial stability over the long term.

经济制裁长期来看会削弱一个国家的金融稳定性。

高频搭配

verb

weaken significantlyweaken graduallyweaken rapidlyweaken over time

adjective

severely weakenedslightly weakenedstructurally weakenedemotionally weakened

noun

weaken the economyweaken the immune systemweaken the argumentweaken the foundation

adverb

weaken considerablyweaken noticeablyweaken temporarily

preposition

weaken byweaken fromweaken inweaken under pressure

phrase

weaken one's positionweaken the resolveweaken the effectweaken the bond

常见错误

❌ 错误:The illness weakens his body very much.
✓ 正确:The illness weakens his body significantly.

中文学习者常误用“very much”修饰weaken,但英语中weaken通常与程度副词如significantly、greatly搭配,避免使用very much,以更符合母语习惯。

❌ 错误:He weakens to do the work.
✓ 正确:He is too weak to do the work. 或 His ability to work weakens.

weaken 不直接接不定式表示“虚弱得不能做某事”,应使用“too weak to”结构或调整句子,用weaken描述能力或力量的减弱。

近义词辨析

diminish

diminish 强调数量、大小或重要性的减少,常指逐渐变小或变少,而weaken 更侧重于力量、强度或效果的降低。

The noise diminished as the crowd left. (数量减少) vs. The storm weakened as it moved inland. (强度降低)

undermine

undermine 通常指暗中或逐渐破坏基础、权威或稳定性,带有负面意图,而weaken 更中性,可描述自然或无意中的减弱。

Rumors undermined her reputation. (暗中破坏) vs. Age weakened his eyesight. (自然减弱)