capricious
用法要点
句型搭配
常用于描述人或抽象概念（如天气、市场）的不可预测性，多作定语或表语，强调突然、无理由的变化。
介词用法
常与介词'in'连用，表示在某个方面反复无常；也可用'of'引出具体表现，但较少见。
语域说明
多用于正式或书面语境，如文学、学术、商务报告，形容负面或中性特质，日常口语中较少使用。
基础例句
My cat is so capricious—one minute she wants attention, the next she ignores me.
我的猫真是反复无常——一会儿想要关注，一会儿又无视我。
The weather here is capricious; it can be sunny in the morning and rainy by noon.
这里的天气多变；早上可能阳光明媚，中午就下雨了。
She made a capricious decision to quit her job without any backup plan.
她任性地下决定辞掉工作，没有任何后备计划。
His capricious moods make it hard to know how he'll react.
他情绪多变，让人很难预料他会如何反应。
高级例句
The capricious nature of consumer demand poses challenges for long-term business planning.
消费者需求的多变性给长期商业规划带来了挑战。
In literature, capricious characters often drive the plot through their unpredictable actions.
在文学中，反复无常的角色常常通过其不可预测的行为推动情节发展。
Investors are wary of markets that appear capricious due to sudden policy changes.
投资者对因政策突变而显得反复无常的市场持谨慎态度。
The judge's capricious rulings were criticized for lacking consistency and fairness.
法官反复无常的裁决因缺乏一致性和公正性而受到批评。
高频搭配
verb
adjective
noun
adverb
preposition
phrase
常见错误
错误用法中'to change'作为不定式不自然；正确用法用现在分词短语或从句描述行为，更符合英语习惯。
'capricious'通常不直接用于描述人的临时情绪反应；正确用法用更具体的词如'unsettled'，避免重复和误用。
近义词辨析
fickle
'fickle'强调忠诚度或喜好频繁变化，常指人善变或不专一；'capricious'更侧重突发、任性、无理由的变化，可用于人或抽象事物。
She is fickle in her friendships (指交友不专), but her decisions are capricious (指决定任性多变).
unpredictable
'unpredictable'中性，泛指无法预测；'capricious'带贬义，暗示变化是任性、反复无常的，常与负面特质关联。
The test results were unpredictable (中性描述), but his capricious behavior caused the delay (强调任性导致问题).