disorder

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
disorder 指事物或状态的混乱、杂乱,或指身体或心理的失调、疾病,常用于描述无序、不整齐或功能异常的情况。

用法要点

句型搭配

作为名词时,常用于描述混乱状态或疾病,如 'in disorder' 表示处于混乱中,'suffer from a disorder' 表示患有某种失调。作为动词时,表示扰乱或使失调,常用于被动语态或及物动词结构。

• The room was in complete disorder.
• He suffers from a sleep disorder.
• The protest disordered the traffic.

介词用法

常用介词包括 'in' 表示处于混乱状态,'of' 表示混乱的类型或性质,'with' 表示伴随混乱或用于动词后接宾语。例如,'in disorder' 强调状态,'a disorder of the mind' 指心理失调。

• The files are in disorder.
• She has a disorder of the immune system.
• The noise disordered his thoughts.

语域说明

在正式语域中,多用于学术、医学或法律文本,描述系统失调或疾病;在非正式语域中,可泛指日常生活中的杂乱。避免在口语中过度使用,更常用 'mess' 或 'chaos' 表示混乱。

• The economic disorder led to a crisis.
• My desk is a total disorder after the project.

基础例句

After the party, the living room was in total disorder with cups and plates everywhere.

派对结束后,客厅一片混乱,杯子和盘子到处都是。

She has a sleep disorder that makes it hard for her to fall asleep at night.

她患有睡眠障碍,晚上很难入睡。

The sudden storm disordered our plans for the picnic, so we had to cancel it.

突如其来的暴风雨打乱了我们的野餐计划,我们只好取消。

高级例句

The research focuses on neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and their impact on cognitive functions.

这项研究专注于阿尔茨海默病等神经系统疾病及其对认知功能的影响。

Economic disorder in the region has led to increased unemployment and social instability.

该地区的经济混乱导致失业率上升和社会不稳定。

The company implemented new protocols to prevent data disorder and ensure information security.

公司实施了新协议以防止数据混乱并确保信息安全。

高频搭配

verb

cause disordersuffer from disordertreat a disorderdiagnose a disorderprevent disorder

adjective

mental disorderphysical disordersleep disordereating disordergenetic disorder

noun

order and disorderstate of disordertype of disordersymptoms of disorderrisk of disorder

adverb

completely disorderedchronically disorderedtemporarily disorderedseverely disordered

preposition

in disorderof disorderwith disorderfrom disorder

phrase

in a state of disorderbring disorder tofall into disorderclear up the disorder

常见错误

❌ 错误:I have a disorder in my stomach.
✓ 正确:I have a stomach disorder.

错误用法中 'in my stomach' 是冗余的,英语中常用 'stomach disorder' 直接表示胃部失调,类似 'mental disorder'。应简化表达,避免不必要的介词短语。

❌ 错误:The children disordered the toys.
✓ 正确:The children made a disorder with the toys.

错误用法中 'disordered' 作为动词较正式,在口语中不自然;正确用法使用 'made a disorder' 更常见,或改用 'made a mess'。作为动词时,'disorder' 多用于书面或正式语境。

近义词辨析

chaos

chaos 强调极度混乱和无序,常指失控或无法管理的状态,比 disorder 程度更强;disorder 更中性,可指轻微杂乱或系统失调。

After the earthquake, the city was in chaos (极度混乱), but my room is just in disorder (有些杂乱).

illness

illness 泛指疾病,包括身体和心理问题;disorder 特指功能或系统失调,常用于医学或心理学,描述特定症状或异常,如 'mental disorder' 比 'mental illness' 更专业。

She was diagnosed with a mental disorder (心理失调), which is a type of illness (疾病).