excuse

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
作为动词,表示原谅或为某事辩解;作为名词,指借口或理由,常用于解释或辩护行为。

用法要点

句型搭配

作为动词时,常用句型为 'excuse someone for something' 或 'excuse oneself' 表示道歉或离开;作为名词时,常与 'make'、'have' 或 'find' 搭配,如 'make an excuse'。

• excuse me for being late
• excuse oneself from the meeting
• make a poor excuse

介词用法

动词形式常与 'for' 连用,表示原谅的原因,如 'excuse for the mistake';名词形式可与 'for' 或 'as' 搭配,如 'excuse for absence' 或 'use as an excuse'。

• excuse for the delay
• excuse as a reason
• no excuse for bad behavior

语域说明

'excuse' 在正式和非正式场合都常用,但 'excuse me' 是礼貌用语,用于打断或道歉;在商务或学术语境中,名词形式更强调理由的合理性。

• Excuse me, may I ask a question?
• provide a valid excuse
• excuse the informal tone

基础例句

Can you excuse me for a moment? I need to take this call.

你能原谅我一下吗?我需要接个电话。

She always makes excuses for being late to work.

她总是为上班迟到找借口。

Excuse me, but I think you dropped your wallet.

打扰一下,我想你掉了钱包。

He had no excuse for forgetting her birthday.

他没有任何理由忘记她的生日。

高级例句

In the business report, the manager provided a valid excuse for the project delay due to unforeseen circumstances.

在商业报告中,经理为项目因不可预见情况延误提供了合理的理由。

The student submitted an excuse note from a doctor to justify the absence from the exam.

学生提交了医生的请假条,以证明考试缺席的合理性。

During the academic conference, the speaker politely excused herself to answer an urgent email.

在学术会议期间,演讲者礼貌地道歉去回复一封紧急邮件。

The company's financial losses cannot be excused as mere market fluctuations; internal issues must be addressed.

公司的财务损失不能仅仅归咎于市场波动;必须解决内部问题。

高频搭配

verb

make an excusefind an excuseaccept an excuseoffer an excuseuse as an excuse

adjective

poor excusevalid excusereasonable excuseflimsy excuseconvenient excuse

noun

excuse for absenceexcuse noteexcuse letterexcuse meno excuse

adverb

barely excusehardly excusereadily excusepolitely excuse

preposition

excuse forexcuse fromexcuse aswithout excuse

phrase

excuse meno excusemake excusesexcuse the interruptionexcuse my French

常见错误

❌ 错误:I excuse to be late.
✓ 正确:I have an excuse for being late.

错误在于误用动词形式,'excuse' 作为动词时通常需要宾语和介词 'for',正确用法应使用名词形式搭配 'have' 和 'for' 来表示理由。

❌ 错误:She made a excuse for not coming.
✓ 正确:She made an excuse for not coming.

错误在于冠词使用不当,'excuse' 以元音音素开头,应使用 'an' 而不是 'a',这是中文学习者常忽略的英语冠词规则。

近义词辨析

apology

'apology' 更强调正式的道歉或悔意,常用于承认错误;而 'excuse' 作为名词时,更侧重于解释或辩护,可能带有辩解意味。

He offered an apology for the mistake (表示悔意) vs. He gave an excuse for the mistake (可能试图辩解)。

forgive

'forgive' 作为动词,强调从情感上宽恕或释怀,常用于人际关系;而 'excuse' 作为动词,更侧重于暂时原谅或为行为找理由,可能较表面。

I forgive you for hurting me (情感宽恕) vs. I excuse your tardiness this time (暂时原谅或找理由)。