idle

美 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
英 { "us": "", "uk": "" }
数据源: ai_enrichment
idle 指人或事物处于不活动、不工作或闲置的状态,常含懒惰、无用的负面意味,也可表示机器空转或时间虚度。

用法要点

形容词用法

作为形容词时,idle 描述人或事物处于空闲、懒惰或无用的状态,常用于修饰名词或作表语,强调缺乏活动或效率。

• idle workers
• idle machinery
• idle time

动词用法

作为动词时,idle 可作不及物动词表示无所事事或机器空转,也可作及物动词表示使闲散或虚度时间,常与介词 about 或 away 搭配。

• idle away the afternoon
• idle about the house
• The engine idled quietly.

介词搭配

idle 常与介词 about、away、in 等连用,表示闲逛、虚度或处于某种状态,例如 idle about 指漫无目的地闲逛,idle away 指浪费或消磨时间。

• idle in the park
• idle away hours
• idle about the office

语域说明

idle 在正式和非正式语境中均常用,但作为形容词时多带贬义,暗示懒惰或无用;在技术或商务语境中,可中性描述机器空闲或资源闲置。

• idle gossip (非正式)
• idle capacity (商务)
• idle process (技术)

基础例句

Don't just sit idle all day; go out and do something productive.

别整天无所事事地坐着,出去做点有意义的事情。

The workers were idle because the machine broke down.

工人们闲着没事干,因为机器坏了。

She idled away the weekend watching TV.

她整个周末都在看电视,虚度了时光。

The car engine is idling smoothly in the driveway.

汽车发动机在车道上平稳地空转着。

高级例句

In economics, idle resources represent inefficiency and lost potential output for an economy.

在经济学中,闲置资源代表经济效率低下和潜在产出的损失。

The factory's idle capacity during off-peak seasons necessitates strategic inventory management.

工厂在淡季的闲置产能需要采取战略性的库存管理措施。

Idle speculation in financial markets can lead to volatility and misallocation of capital.

金融市场中的无端猜测可能导致波动和资本配置不当。

To optimize server performance, administrators monitor idle processes and terminate unnecessary ones.

为了优化服务器性能,管理员会监控空闲进程并终止不必要的进程。

高频搭配

verb

idle awayidle aboutidle alongkeep idleleave idle

adjective

idle timeidle chatteridle curiosityidle threatidle hands

noun

idle capacityidle moneyidle gossipidle momentidle speculation

adverb

idlycompletely idlemostly idledangerously idle

preposition

idle inidle onidle atidle with

phrase

lie idlestand idlesit idleremain idlego idle

常见错误

❌ 错误:He is idle to play games.
✓ 正确:He is idle, playing games all day.

错误用法将 idle 误用作动词不定式结构。正确用法中,idle 是形容词描述状态,playing games 作为伴随状语补充说明。

❌ 错误:The machine is idling for a long time.
✓ 正确:The machine has been idling for a long time.

错误用法使用了现在进行时表示持续状态,但 idling 强调动作进行,应用现在完成进行时 has been idling 来表达从过去持续到现在的空转状态。

近义词辨析

lazy

lazy 强调主观上不愿工作或努力的懒惰性格,贬义更强;idle 更侧重客观上的空闲或不活动状态,可能由外部因素导致,贬义稍弱。

He is lazy and avoids work. (主观懒惰) vs. The workers are idle due to a shortage of materials. (客观闲置)

inactive

inactive 中性描述不活动或静止的状态,无强烈贬义;idle 常隐含浪费或无用之意,尤其在描述人或时间时带负面色彩。

The account has been inactive for months. (中性不活跃) vs. Don't leave your brain idle. (暗示浪费)