vindictive
用法要点
句型搭配
通常用作定语或表语，描述人的性格或行为，常与表示人的名词或代词连用，强调报复性的动机。
介词用法
常与介词“towards”或“against”搭配，表示针对某人的报复心态，用于指明报复的对象或方向。
语域说明
多用于正式或书面语境，如法律、心理学或文学中，描述负面情感；日常口语中较少使用，可能带有较强贬义。
基础例句
After losing the game, he became vindictive and refused to speak to his teammates.
输掉比赛后，他变得怀恨在心，拒绝和队友说话。
She felt vindictive towards her ex-boyfriend for cheating on her.
她对前男友出轨的行为怀有报复心。
Don't be so vindictive; it's better to forgive and move on.
别这么记仇，原谅别人并继续前进更好。
His vindictive comments made the situation even worse.
他那些报复性的言论让情况变得更糟。
高级例句
In the court case, the plaintiff was accused of having vindictive motives for filing the lawsuit.
在这起法庭案件中，原告被指控出于报复动机提起诉讼。
The manager's vindictive behavior towards employees who left the company damaged its reputation.
经理对那些离职员工的报复行为损害了公司声誉。
Psychological studies suggest that vindictive individuals often struggle with emotional regulation.
心理学研究表明，怀有报复心的人通常在情绪调节方面有困难。
The policy was criticized as vindictive, targeting specific groups without just cause.
这项政策被批评为具有报复性，无故针对特定群体。
高频搭配
adjective
verb
noun
adverb
preposition
phrase
常见错误
错误：误用“to help”表示对象，但“vindictive”描述报复心态，应用介词“towards”或“against”指向目标。正确用法强调针对他人的报复倾向。
错误：逻辑矛盾，“vindictive”源于负面事件如伤害或背叛，而非快乐。正确用法需基于合理原因，如受委屈或怨恨。
近义词辨析
vengeful
“vengeful”更强调主动寻求复仇的行为，常与具体报复行动相关；而“vindictive”侧重描述怀有报复心的性格或态度，可能更持久或内在。
Vengeful: He took vengeful action against his rival. / Vindictive: She has a vindictive personality that makes her hold grudges.
spiteful
“spiteful”指出于恶意或小气而伤害他人，可能动机更琐碎或即时；而“vindictive”通常源于更深的怨恨或正式报复，涉及更严重的意图。
Spiteful: She made a spiteful remark about his appearance. / Vindictive: His vindictive lawsuit aimed to ruin her career.